查看“奥地利”的源代码

{{version|Heart of Darkness}}
{{Country
|Flag=[[File:Austria.png|325px]]
|Government Type=绝对君主制
|Ruling Party=梅特涅派(保守主义)
|Capital=维也纳(ID 619)
|Population=8.84 million
|Primary Culture= 南德意志人
|Literacy=16.1%
|National Value=秩序
|Tech School=军工复合体
|Status=列强
}}
''“让别人打仗去吧，而你，快乐的奥地利，结婚就好了。”——腓特烈三世，神圣罗马皇帝（1415-1493）''<br>
''"Let others wage wars, but you, happy Austria, shall marry." - Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (1415 - 1493)''

[[File:Germany Screenshot.jpg|thumb|1836年 奥地利与德意志各国]]
维多利亚2开局时，奥地利正处于她的巅峰时期。奥地利坐拥庞大的人口，但其民族关系十分紧张，要领导奥地利走向世界舞台的中心必须付出巨大的牺牲。奥地利帝国位于中欧东部，拥有大约884万人口。她的北部与  {{flag|俄罗斯帝国}}、 {{flag|克拉科夫}}、 {{flag|普鲁士}}、 {{flag|萨克森}}、 {{flag|巴伐利亚}} 以及{{flag|符腾堡}}接壤，西部与 {{flag|瑞士}}以及 {{flag|萨丁尼亚-皮埃蒙特王国}}接壤，南部与{{flag|帕尔马}}、 {{flag|摩德纳}}、 {{flag|教宗国}}、 {{flag|奥斯曼帝国}}、 {{flag|塞尔维亚}} 以及 {{flag|瓦拉几亚}}接壤，东部与{{flag|摩尔达维亚}}和俄罗斯帝国接壤。

历史上，奥地利在哈布斯堡家族的统治下逐渐崛起，哈布斯堡家族将神圣罗马帝国的皇冠收入囊中，并将统治扩展到德意志和中欧的大部分地区，包括 {{flag|波西米亚-摩拉维亚}} (现捷克共和国)、 {{flag|匈牙利}} (包括其它几个现代国家的部分领土)、斯洛文尼亚、{{flag|克罗地亚}} 以及达尔马提亚。奥地利逐渐成为欧洲最强大的国家之一。 

和德意志北部不同，奥地利人绝大多数是天主教徒，哈布斯堡家族更是新教的死敌，他们最终消灭了匈牙利的新教。18世纪初，奥地利在德意志的霸权受到了北方的普鲁士的挑战，两者的竞争将决定德意志地区往后数十年的政治格局。1806年，拿破仑战争期间，奥地利在革命法兰西手下遭受了一系列惨痛的失败，随后神圣罗马帝国也被解散。在维也纳，战胜国重新分割了欧洲领土，平衡了各大国的势力。1815年奥地利加入了德意志邦联（游戏中没有体现），德意志邦联在1848年革命后仍延续下来，但在1866年普奥战争后瓦解。1867年建立了奥匈帝国，匈牙利成为主权国家，与奥地利处于联合统治之下，以折衷方案维持中央政府和非德意志人的和平。 

尽管很多德意志民族主义者希望将奥地利整合进更大的统一的德意志中（大德意志Großdeutschland），奥地利始终独立在1871年成立的德意志帝国之外，并且在政治上撤出德意志地区。然而，民族主义的兴起仍在之后数十年间困扰着奥地利。第一次世界大战中，奥匈帝国加入了同盟国一方。奥匈战败后，协约国拆分了她庞大的领土。1918年，帝国解体，旧帝国的领土上建立了许多新的国家，奥地利帝国的时代就此终结。

奥地利取得霸权的其中一条道路是通过与[[普鲁士]]的战争成立 {{flag|德意志}} （[[为德意志三呼万岁！‏‎]])。但奥地利也可以选择成立 {{flag|奥匈帝国}} ([[Austro-Hungarian Compromise]])， 通过缓解紧张的民族关系、让匈牙利人进入军队增强实力。

== 开局行动 ==
奥地利是一个庞大的多元文化帝国，快速浏览一下人口界面，就会发现很大一部分人口不是南德人，而南德人是奥地利的主要文化。此外，低识字率阻碍了奥地利的科技进步。为了解决这个问题，所有的国家焦点都应致力于鼓励神职人员。直到他们占到每个州人口的4% ，这将确保识字率的最快提高，但神职人员至少要占人口的2% 。
最初的行动将主要取决于你是否选择与普鲁士人作战。联合普鲁士意味着你将失去承认霸权的[ 宣战借口 ] ，放弃任何成立大德意志的想法，换取一个友好的军事和工业的北方强国。

如果你选择与普鲁士作战，你必须在欧洲大陆寻找一个盟友。法国或俄罗斯是很好的的选择，但同时结盟不太可能。{flag | 联合王国 |}}不是在大陆上非常有用的盟友。

====科技====
如果选择与普鲁士作战，最优先的技术应该是军事技术。[军队专业精神]和[医学]是非常重要的。如果你选择不和普鲁士人作战，你应该把重点放在获得[[意识形态思想]]和[[国家和政府]]上。由于奥地利是一个如此庞大的帝国，从长远来看，拥有更多的(国家焦点)将是极其重要的。哲学也很重要，要跟上研究的步伐，但是其他的[文化技术]都可以很先放弃，甚至美学也可以。
奥地利有各种文化的解放运动。为了避免因为奥地利的多元文化而陷入战争，玩家应该选择能提高同化率的事件。此外，可以考虑“[奥匈妥协]”的决决议。这将使匈牙利成为一个被接受的文化，这是至关重要的，因为匈牙利是奥地利最大的文化之一，尽管很容易引起紧张局势。但是，要知道，选择奥匈妥协，会增加非奥地利，非匈牙利地区的斗争性。
== 经济 ==
随着扩张，经济会完全改变。玩家不能再补贴所有的工厂和鼓励工匠，因为这将导致严重的经济衰退，这将是无法挽回的。建议你把工业留给系统，关闭所有无利可图的工厂。你可以随意投资任何项目。建议玩家保持干涉主义作为他们的产业政策。一旦玩家已经拥有足够数量的牧师，建议一些国家的焦点分配给促进资本家，以加速独立的工厂建设，因为奥地利从一个小基础的资本家开始，增长非常缓慢的上半场比赛。

== 建立大德意志 ==
在德国统一的过程中，一场关于德国统一方式的辩论。第一个建议，被称为“ kleindeutsche lösung”(小德意志解决方案) ，是在奥地利帝国之外的德国领土统一成一个单一的民族国家。第二个被称为“大德国解决方案” ，提议将奥地利和德国联合在一起，并就帝国的非德国部分是否会合并或给予独立进行了进一步的辩论。
在维多利亚2，奥地利是[欧洲]最强大的国家之一。为了形成[[德国]] ，有必要让[[[普鲁士]]失去[[[列强]]]地位。防止{flag | 北德联邦}的形成是一个迫在眉睫的关键目标，因为统一的北德将更难对付。为了防止这种情况，奥地利必须守住它的势力范围[萨克森]。

=== 普鲁士与奥地利的兄弟之战 ===
形成Großdeutschland(大德意志)的第一步 ，是形成{flag | 南德联邦}。这样就把[巴伐利亚][符腾堡][巴登][奥地利]统一为奥地利一个国家。一定要集中精力防止萨克森落入普鲁士手中，这样他们就不能组成北德联邦。攻击普鲁士最简单的方法就是尽快与{ flag | 法兰西 }}或{ flag | 俄罗斯 }结盟。接下来，以“夺取普鲁士的符腾堡地区”为借口向普鲁士宣战(普奥战争)。当普鲁士被击败时，奥地利将能够组成[南德意志邦联]。随着游戏的进行，普鲁士会迅速扩张其经济和军事，所以在奥地利和普鲁士势均力敌时与他们交战是明智的。
在与普鲁士的停战期间，奥地利应该开始继续发展。奥地利也应该扩充军力。一旦奥地利拥有大约150-200个旅的部队，就能对抗[普鲁士]以及最后的[法国]这些强大的对手。
留给普鲁士任何喘息的空间和时间来恢复是不明智的(1850年以前不要这样做，因为你需要这样研发 “民族主义和帝国主义”的技术，) ，所以最好休战一结束就宣战。向普鲁士的一个边境州宣战，西里西亚因为人口众多而成为首要目标。如果[[法国]]仍然是盟国，那么请随时召集他们，不过普鲁士应该不是奥地利军队的对手。不要接受普鲁士的和平，即使他们提供西里西亚。这里的目标是占领普鲁士所有的土地，这样就能得到100% 的战争分数。但是，还是不接受和平。再加上”承认霸权”迫使普鲁士把所有德国邦国转移到你的势力范围。一旦兄弟之战结束，就是时候集结帝国军队对抗法国了。
=== Alsace-Lorraine ===
The decision to unite [[Germany]] requires possession of Alsass-Lorraine, which is initially owned by [[France]].
[[France]]'s strategy will variate by game. Sometimes they focus first on building the French economy and industrial base, while at other times France builds up a powerful military. Hopefully, they will have gone with the economic route. One path is declare war fairly early in the game. In a war against France, Austria should fight defensively and take care not to let the French breach the defensive line and send troops to Germany or Austria proper. If the war goes well, France will surrender the territory and Austria will be one step closer to unifying Großdeutschland.

== After the formation==
From here your route is up to you. Options include “Balkanizing” [[The Ottoman Empire]] (using the “Free People” war goal excessively), invading [[Russia]] (be careful, it will be a war of attrition), or perhaps settling on claiming all of Africa for the Habsburg's. That is the beauty of Victoria 2; there is no specific guidelines for winning.

== The Eastern Strategy ==
Austria has fought long enough for Germany. From Charlemagne to the Holy Roman Empire to the German Confederation, the Hapsburgs or their lands have tried to defend Germany. And what has she gotten? The loss of Silesia, the breaking up of the Holy Roman Empire, enemies to the North, East, South, and West. Poland has been crushed but sentiments in Italy and Germany turn against you. The minorities want independence at any cost. It is time that the Hapsburgs focus on themselves instead of on others. First up, reclaim Silesia!

=== Opening Moves ===
The brute up north, called Prussia, is your worst enemy. Until you crush it. Ally France as soon as possible and start justifying retaking Silesia with an Acquire State Casus Belli. Make sure your spherelings are allied to you and attack Prussia for Lower Silesia. Remember to mobilize and fully fund the army, you are not yet ready for war with just a professional army. Defend your borders while France fights their way to you. Prussia will be overwhelmed but make sure the German minors on your side do not peace out by sending troops to assist. Do NOT peace out of the Northern German minors, they give you free warscore. Also take Upper Silesia and free the people of Sigmarinen. Encourage Clergymen in your most populous states and impose a slight tariff so your people can get the goods into the market.The first step to Hapsburg victory is complete. 

=== Crush the Sick Man of Europe ===
Once Austrias most fearsome rival, the Ottoman Empire is falling apart. You should take advantage of this. After most of your infamy has burned off, declare war for {{flag|Bosnia-Herzegovina}}. The Ottomans should have no Great Power allies and if they do, it does not matter. Prussia is now a mere secondary power, Great Britain just sits on their island, and any other country will lose to Austria and France. Liberate {{flag|Bulgaria}}. They make for a decent ally. After this, Russia should pounce on them for Kars so the Southern Front is secure. If not, crises will wreck the Ottoman Empire.

=== Northern Italy ===
Now, Austria looks unstoppable. And then a small, evil nation in {Italy, called Sardinia Piedmont comes in. France will probably desert you for them when they declare on you to "liberate" {{flag|Lombardia}}. Do not give in or else they will also want more of your Italian lands. The South German minors will be no match for France and your armies are still too weak to take on such a juggernaut. So this is what you do, send an army straight to their capital from South Germany. This is a doomstack. Engage any French army on the way, you will gain warscore. When you finish sieging Paris after beating up their army, they should White Peace. Get your alliance back. Now for the Eastern Question.

=== Russia ===
The South German Confederation should've been formed by now. They will be your most loyal ally until they too, become arrogant like the Prussians did. But for now, they will be your greatest friend (besides France). Russia can grow strong in the late game. It is not too late yet to make sure that never happens. Use a Liberate Country casus belli. It should be a quick, decisive war in the 1890s. The Hungarians have joined your country so you are now a pleasant brown color, representing the fact that Austria- Hungary, like the earth, is unstoppable. Russia falls quickly yet bitterly. Russia, when fully mobilized, has a vast amount of troops. Only attack during the summer, attrition will massacre more troops then the Russians can. Beat back their armies and siege Russia. France may be unable to help because of lack of military access. Ukraine is released and let your allies take what they want. The frontier everywhere is secure. The world is at your fingertips, the Hapsburg dominate Europe once again.

=== An Alternative 'Hermetic' Route ===
Austria becomes far easier to manage if the player adopts a stance similar to the popular [[Britain|British]] strategy of ignoring the rest of Europe. First, simply removes all German minor states from Austria's [[Sphere of Influence]]. Doing so allows the [[German Empire]] to form quickly and peacefully in regards to Austria, and the two nations can quickly become fast allies. In order to accomplish this, remove all minor German states from the Austrian Sphere of Influence, followed immediately by an alliance with [[Prussia]] - they will quickly form the [[North German Federation]], followed by the German Empire, and shouldn't lead to the Austro-Prussian War. After this point, try to ally with Great Britain (as long as they seem not to be declaring war on European states too much) and break the alliance with Germany. After Great Wars are discovered in 1890, you may ally with another generally neutral Great Power, such as [[France]] - just don't go to war with Germany with them.
The result of this course of action will find Austria holding mostly indigenous cores of countries like [[Hungary]], lowering the chances of another power declaring war on you massively, since nobody else wants what Austria owns, except internal separatists. As such, the only policy for Austria in such a situation is simply to avoid war and encourage liberalism to ensure consciousness and separatists do not get overwhelming. The possibility exists to release {{flag|Venice}} in order to lower the risk of {{flag|Italy}} dragging you into a destructive war with Germany or Russia, but the Italians normally don't do such things.
In addition, the risk of repeated wars between European powers tends to be lessened by Austria simply giving away their Sphere of Influence in the minor German states, since everyone ends up with everything they have a claim on. Exceptions to this include Alsace-Lorraine, which may cause some wars between [[France]] and [[Germany]], and the aforementioned [[Venice]]. Keep an eye on these areas and Europe becomes an immediately safer place to live.


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